Analysis of the efficacy of laparoscopic high hernia sac ligation in adolescent indirect hernia.

OBJECTIVE: Inguinal hernias are a common disease that may present at all ages. Adolescents are a unique patient population between children and adults. The etiology and the surgical treatment strategies of adolescent indirect hernias are not clear. Specifically, whether these kinds of hernias should be treated by high ligation or mesh repair remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic high hernia sac ligation in adolescent indirect hernia. METHODS: The data of adolescent patients who underwent laparoscopic high hernia sac ligation at the The First People's Hospital of Foshan,China, from January 2012 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. Data collected included their age, gender, weight, surgical method, hernia ring diameter, operation time, postoperative recurrence rate and postoperative complications. RESULTS: A total of 70 patients were enrolled, including 61 males (87.14%) and 9 females (12.86%),all patients were aged 13-18 years old (mean 14.87 ± 1.56years), weighed 28-92 kg (mean 53.04 ± 10.60 kg). All 70 patients underwent laparoscopic surgery except 2 patients with irreducible hernias who converted to laparotomy.The hernia ring diameter ranged from 0.5 to 3 cm (mean 1.39 ± 0.49 cm), and was ≤ 2 cm in 68 cases (97.14%).The operative length ranged from 12 to 105 min (average 24.96 ± 12.61 min), There were 37(52.9%) right-sided hernias, 32 (45.7%) left-sided hernias, 1 (1.4%) bilateral hernia.There were 67(95.7%)reducible hernias,2(2.9%)irreducible hernias ,and 1(1.4%)incarcerated hernia.Hospital stays ranged from 1 to 5 days (mean 2.37 ± 1.05 days). Follow-ups were performed from 30-119months (mean 74.27 ± 28.14months). There were no cases of recurrence, howere, incision infection occured in 1 patient, who underwent a second operation 6 months after surgery, and 4 (5.7%) patients had complaints of intermittent pain around the ligation incision site, mostly during exercise . CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic high hernia sac ligation is feasible for treatment of adolescent indirect hernias with a hernia ring diameter of ≤ 2 cm.

Synergistic effect of co-culture rhizosphere Streptomyces: A promising strategy to enhance antimicrobial activity and plant growth-promoting function.

Rhizosphere Streptomyces is one of the important types of rhizosphere microorganisms that plays an important role in promoting plant growth and controlling plant diseases to maintain agricultural ecosystem balance and green ecological agriculture development as beneficial bacteria. Microbial co-culture simulates the complex biocommunity in nature, which has more advantages than the monoculture with a synergistic effect. As the key signal mediums of microorganisms, plants, and their interactions, microbial metabolites are of great significance in revealing their functional mechanism. In this study, two potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Streptomyces albireticuli MDJK11, and Streptomyces alboflavus MDJK44, were selected to explore the effects of co-culture and monoculture on plant growth promotion and disease prevention, and the metabolic material basis was analyzed by metabonomics. Results showed that Streptomyces MDJK11, MDJK44 monoculture, and co-culture condition all showed good growth promoting and antimicrobial effects. Moreover, as compared to the monoculture, the co-culture showed the advantage of a synergistic enhancement effect. LC-MS-based metabonomics analysis showed the metabolic material bases of Streptomyces for plant growth promotion and disease prevention were mainly plant hormone and antibiotics and the co-culture condition could significantly stimulate the production of plant hormone promoters and macrolide, cyclic peptide, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. The study proved that the co-cultures of S. albireticuli MDJK11 and S. alboflavus MDJK44 have great potential in crop growth promotion and disease prevention.

Comparative genomic analysis of Bacillus paralicheniformis MDJK30 with its closely related species reveals an evolutionary relationship between B. paralicheniformis and B. licheniformis.

BACKGROUND: Members of the genus Bacillus are important plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that serve as biocontrol agents. Bacillus paralicheniformis MDJK30 is a PGPR isolated from the peony rhizosphere and can suppress plant-pathogenic bacteria and fungi. To further uncover the genetic mechanism of the plant growth-promoting traits of MDJK30 and its closely related strains, we used comparative genomics to provide insights into the genetic diversity and evolutionary relationship between B. paralicheniformis and B. licheniformis. RESULTS: A comparative genomics analysis based on B. paralicheniformis MDJK30 and 55 other previously reported Bacillus strains was performed. The evolutionary position of MDJK30 and the evolutionary relationship between B. paralicheniformis and B. licheniformis were evaluated by studying the phylogeny of the core genomes, a population structure analysis and ANI results. Comparative genomic analysis revealed various features of B. paralicheniformis that contribute to its commensal lifestyle in the rhizosphere, including an opening pan genome, a diversity of transport and the metabolism of the carbohydrates and amino acids. There are notable differences in the numbers and locations of the insertion sequences, prophages, genomic islands and secondary metabolic synthase operons between B. paralicheniformis and B. licheniformis. In particular, we found most gene clusters of Fengycin, Bacitracin and Lantipeptide were only present in B. paralicheniformis and were obtained by horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and these clusters may be used as genetic markers for distinguishing B. paralicheniformis and B. licheniformis. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals that MDJK30 and the other strains of lineage paralicheniformis present plant growth-promoting traits at the genetic level and can be developed and commercially formulated in agriculture as PGPR. Core genome phylogenies and population structure analysis has proven to be a powerful tool for differentiating B. paralicheniformis and B. licheniformis. Comparative genomic analyses illustrate the genetic differences between the paralicheniformis-licheniformis group with respect to rhizosphere adaptation.

miR-103a-2-5p/miR-30c-1-3p inhibits the progression of prostate cancer resistance to androgen ablation therapy via targeting androgen receptor variant 7.

Androgens and androgen receptors are vital factors involved in prostate cancer progression, and androgen ablation therapies are commonly used to treat advanced prostate cancer. However, the acquisition of androgen ablation therapy resistance remains a challenge. Recently, androgen receptor splicing variants lacking the ligand-binding domain have been reported to play a critical role in the acquisition of androgen ablation therapy resistance. In the present study, we revealed that the messenger RNA expression and the protein levels of an androgen receptor variant 7 (AR-V7) were higher in prostate cancer tissue samples and in the AR-positive prostate cancer cell line, VCaP. In contrast, microRNA (miR)-30c-1-3p/miR-103a-2-5p expression was significantly downregulated in tumor tissues and cells. miR-30c-1-3p/miR-103a-2-5p overexpression could inhibit AR-V7 expression, suppress VCaP cell growth, and inhibit AR-V7 downstream factor expression by directly targeting the 3'-untranslated region of AR-V7. Under enzalutamide (Enza) treatment, the effects of AR-V7 overexpression were the opposite of those of miR-103a-2-5p/miR-30c-1-3p overexpression; more importantly, the effects of miR-103a-2-5p/miR-30c-1-3p overexpression could be significantly reversed by AR-V7 overexpression under Enza. In summary, we demonstrated a novel mechanism of the miR-30c-1-3p/miR-103a-2-5p/AR-V7 axis modulating the cell proliferation of AR-positive prostate cancer cells via AR downstream targets. The clinical application of miR-30c-1-3p/miR-103a-2-5p needs further in vivo validation.

A comparative study on the psychiatric specialist system between Europe and China / 中华医学教育探索杂志

European psychiatric specialist training system has been maturely developed for 6 decades.The institutional framework for psychiatric training during specialization has been conformed to European standards,including training content,assessment and training base.In Europe,psychiatry specialist education lasts 5-7 years.Trainees should have experience of psychiatric internships and get assessed prospectively.After the training,trainees will receive the qualifications of the association for psychiatric training in Europe.While in China,the training time of psychiatrists is 3 years,the training of related departments is nearly 1 year,and psychiatric training is only 2 years.The training time of psychotherapy and clinical practice of psychiatry is still not enough.There is also a lack of consistency in the implementation of theoretical and practical training in all the bases in China.Therefore,by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese and European psychiatry training system,this paper proposes optimizing the training program in China,increasing the students' humanistic cultivation and psychological care,and further improving the input of special training funds.

Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus velezensis GQJK49, a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium with Antifungal Activity.

Bacillus velezensis GQJK49 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with antifungal activity, which was isolated from Lycium barbarum L. rhizosphere. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of B. velezensis GQJK49. Twelve gene clusters related to its biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including antifungal and antibacterial antibiotics, were predicted.

Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus paralicheniformis MDJK30, a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium with Antifungal Activity.

Bacillus paralicheniformis MDJK30 was isolated from the rhizosphere of a peony. It could control the pathogen of peony root rot. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of B. paralicheniformis MDJK30. Eleven secondary metabolism gene clusters were predicted.

Complete Genome Sequence of Biocontroller Bacillus velezensis Strain JTYP2, Isolated from Leaves of Echeveria laui.

Bacillus velezensis JTYP2 was isolated from the leaves of Echeveria laui in Qingzhou, China, and may control some of the fungal pathogens of the plant. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of B. velezensis JTYP2. Several gene clusters related to its biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds were predicted.

Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus subtilis GQJK2, a Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacterium with Antifungal Activity.

Bacillus subtilis GQJK2 is a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium with antifungal activity which was isolated from Lycium barbarum L. rhizosphere. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of B. subtilis GQJK2. Ten gene clusters involved in the biosynthesis of antagonistic compounds were predicted.

Amphiphilic N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-chitosan-cholic acid micelles for paclitaxel delivery.

Self-assembled amphiphilic N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-chitosan-cholic acid (DHP-CS-CHO) micelle was prepared as a carrier for paclitaxel. DHP-CS-CHO was synthesized by grafted small molecules cholic acid and glycidol onto primary amine group of chitosan, respectively. The DHP-CS-CHO formed uniform micelles (size=212.4±3.1 nm) with a low critical micelle concentration (0.024 mg/ml) in PBS. Hydrophobic anticancer drug, paclitaxel (PTX), was easily encapsulated into chitosan derivative micelles by a dialysis method with loading efficiency up to 80%. The PTX loaded micelles released the drug in a sustained manner more than a week in PBS containing 0.1% (w/v) Tween 80 at 37°C. In vitro antitumor experiment demonstrated that PTX loaded chitosan derivative micelles could inhibit MCF-7 cell growth and induce its apoptosis. These results suggested that DHP-CS-CHO may be a promising carrier for the anticancer drug PTX.

Study on the attitudes toward suicide among university students in Chongqing / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the attitudes on suicide and their related factors among university students in Chongqing.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 9808 students from 11 universities in Chongqing, were chosen under stratified cluster random sampling method and had completed a questionnaire survey through the Scale of Public Attitudes on Suicide(SPAS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data showed that the scores of university students having negative or neutral attitudes towards questions including "suicide is not preventable", "suicidal behavior is not controllable or is caused by outside forces" and "suicidal behavior can(or is used to)affect the behavior of others'" were 34.28±16.44, 35.64±19.14 and 36.94±16.05 respectively. The scores of students taking neutral attitude towards questions as:"similarity of attempted and completed suicide", "negative attitudes on the behavior or on the person him/her self", "positive aspects of suicide and positive feelings about suicides"were 47.38±22.01, 51.78±17.05 and 37.77±18.12 respectively but 70.77±17.21 went to the students who had agreed with "suicide is an important social/health problem". Factors as gender, nationality, religion, history of attempted suicide and suicide exposure to others appeared having had important effects on the attitude towards suicide among college students.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is necessary to consider above mentioned factors when developing related suicide crisis intervention strategy.</p>

[Diagnosis and treatment of mature adrenal teratoma].

To discuss the pathology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of mature teratoma in adrenal gland. We reported 2 cases of mature adrenal teratoma and summarized their characters. No local recurrence or metastasis was found in the close follow-up of the 2 patients after the radical resection. Teratomas are rare germ tumors with potential malignant character which usually occur in the testes and ovaries. Adrenal teratomas are extremely rare and the diagnosis relies on radiological examinations. Early diagnosis and early surgical resection are the key in the treatment. Whether the postoperative chemotherapy is needed depends on the pathological result. Close lifelong follow-up is recommended and the prognosis is unclear at present.

Prevalence of social distance and restriction among college students with suicide attempts in Chongqing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the attitude towards 10 different populations with different characteristics on their social distance and acceptance among those people with or without suicidal attempts among college students in Chongqing.Methods 9808 college students were randomly selected from 11 universities in Chongqing and administered a self-constructed questionnaire"Suicide Attitude and Mental Health Status Questionnaire".A t-test was employed to analyze the social distance and degree of acceptance of college students with or without suicide attempts towards different groups as criminals,hypertensive,with suicide actions,homosexuals,depressive disorder,HIV infection,drug addiction,death of family members,hospitalization history in mental service and alcohol addiction.Results 169 college students had suicide attempts;the reporting rate of suicide attempts was 1.7%.Among college students.the scores higher than 50 on nine items related to social distance towards strangers with those 10 different characteristics and the top three were on those with HIV infection,drug addiction and hospitalization history in mental service.There were differences(P<0.05)in scores of social distance attitude towards strangers with drug addiction(with suicide attempts 83.38±21.82,without suicide attempts 78.55±21.55,t=2.88).hospitalization history in mental service(79.27±21.23,75.67±21.31,t=2.17),homosexuality(66.87±24.77,74.14±21.94,t=-4.25),alcohol addiction(66.72±21.80,61.00±22.80,t=3.23)and hypertension(56.65±20.40,53.36±21.05.t=2.01)between college students with or without suicide attempts.College students scored higher than 50 in 7 items of social rejective attitudes towards acquaintances,of those with hospitalization history in mental service,drug and alcohol addiction ranked the top three.It showed statistical significances in social rejection attitudes towards acquaintances with homosexuality(35.28±30.38,42.83±30.76,t=-3.14),severe depression(56.59±28.49,61.64±25.56,t=-2.53)and suicide behaviors(51.46±28.19,56.56±26.35,t=-2.48)between students with or without suicide attempts.Conclusion College students in Chongqing kept quite far social distance and restrictive behaviors in college students with or without suicide attempts.Targeted interventions on suicide attempters should be carried out accordingly.

Hexaaqua-cobalt(II) bis-{[N-(4-meth-oxy-2-oxidobenzyl-idene)glycyl-glycinato]copper(II)} hexa-hydrate.

In the crystal structure of the title compound, [Co(H(2)O)(6)][Cu(C(12)H(11)N(2)O(5))](2)·6H(2)O, the Co(II) atom is located on an inversion center and coordinated by six water mol-ecules in a slightly distorted octa-hedral geometry. The Cu(II) atom is chelated by the Schiff base ligand in a distorted CuN(2)O(2) square-planar geometry. An extensive O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding network is present in the crystal structure.

[Modified laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal repair of groin hernias].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical value of modified transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) repair of groin hernias in adult patients. METHOD: From May 2006 to April 2008, modified TAPP repair for hernia was performed in 403 adult patients with groin hernia and 22 with femoral hernia. Indirect hernia sac was treated by high ligation of the hernia sac in similar fashion with the management in children, while direct or femoral hernia was treated by dissecting the hernia sac. An incision was made on the lateral umbilical ligament, and the mesh was stapled and covered completely by the peritoneum of the lateral umbilical ligament, followed by fixation of the mesh with stapling and absorbable sutures. RESULTS: All the operations were accomplished successfully with the operating time from 20 to 30 min for unilateral hemioplasty and the blood loss volume was 4-5 ml. Two patients developed scrotal edema and three showed scrotal seroma. No hernia recurrence was found in follow-up for 2-22 months. The patients complained of no intestinal obstruction symptoms including traction pain, abdominal pain, or nausea or urinary bladder stimulation symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Modified TAPP repair of groin hernias requires simple operation and produces reliable effect, and is therefore of clinical values for wide application.

[Microlaparoscopic treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction in children].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical significance of microlaparoscopic treatment for adhesive intestinal obstruction in children. METHODS: Adhesion -lysis operation was performed in 18 patients with adhesive intestinal obstruct ion by microlaparoscope from March 2001 to January 2004. The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Microlaparoscope assisted accretion-lysis operation was successfully performed in all patients. The operative time ranged from 15 min to 45 min (averaged 30 min), the aerofluxus time ranged from 12 hours to 28 hours (averaged 22 hours) after operation. All patients can take general activity at the first day and take in food at the second day after operation respectively. The hospital stay ranged from 3 to 5 days (averaged 4 days) without complications. All patients were followed-up from 3 months to 18 months (average d 6 months). All patients recovered well without occurrence of adhesive intestinal obstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Micro-laparoscope assisted adhesion-lysis operation is a simple,safe,and feasible approach for adhesive intestinal obstruction in children.